层级式心理支持联合赋权理论健康教育在血液透析患者中的应用

Application of Hierarchical Psychological Support Combined with Empowerment Theory Health Education for Hemodialysis Patients

目的:探讨层级式心理支持联合赋权理论健康教育应用于血液透析(HD)患者中的效果。方法:选取2022年11月—2023年10月厦门大学附属第一医院收治的101例HD患者,以随机数字表法分成干预组(n=51)与对照组(n=50)。对照组采用常规干预,干预组采用层级式心理支持联合赋权理论健康教育。比较两组疾病知识知晓情况、负性情绪、自我护理能力。结果:干预后,两组HD健康知识问卷各项目知晓率均高于干预前,且干预组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均低于干预前,且干预组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)各项评分均高于干预前,且干预组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:层级式心理支持联合赋权理论健康教育应用于HD患者中,能够提高疾病知识知晓情况,改善负性情绪及自我护理能力。

Objective:To explore the effect of hierarchical psychological support combined with empowerment theory health education for hemodialysis(HD)patients.Method:A total of 101 HD patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from November 2022 to October 2023 were selected and divided into intervention group(n=51)and control group(n=50)by random number table method.The control group received conventional intervention,and the intervention group received hierarchical psychological support combined with empowerment theory health education.Disease knowledge awareness,negative emotion and self-care ability were compared between the two groups.Result:After intervention,the awareness rate of HD health knowledge questionnaire items in both groups were higher than those before intervention,and those in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)in the two groups were lower than those before intervention,and the scores in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA)in both groups were higher than those before intervention,and those in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of hierarchical psychological support combined with empowerment theory health education in HD patients can improve disease knowledge,negative emotions and self-care ability.