急性后循环梗死机械取栓研究现状与进展

Research Status and Progress of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Posterior Circulation Infarction

急性后循环梗死是一种常见的急性脑卒中,对于此类患者,应以血管迅速安全再通,血流灌注恢复正常为基本原则,应尽早采取有效的治疗措施,恢复血流灌注。以静脉溶栓为主的治疗方法,其耗时较少,但其再通比例较低,且在治疗过程中易发生出血等并发症;这会对患者的病情造成很大的影响。近年来,由于国内外医学科技及介入材料的进步,介入机械取栓(MT)得到了迅速的发展,其对后循环梗死患者有较好的疗效和较长的治疗窗口,而且还能增加血管的通透性,加速疾病的恢复,提前治疗效果。当前采用MT是一种很有前途的治疗方式,本研究通过对后循环取栓发展情况、急性后循环梗死采用的不同MT治疗方法,以及MT治疗应用中的问题进行分析,对MT现状与进展进行综述。

Acute posterior circulation infarction is a common acute stroke.For such patients,rapid and safe vascular recanalization and normal blood perfusion should be taken as the basic principle,and effective treatment measures should be taken as soon as possible to restore blood perfusion.The treatment method mainly based on intravenous thrombolysis is less time-consuming,but its recanalization ratio is low,and complications such as bleeding are easy to occur during treatment.This can have a big impact on the patient's condition.In recent years,due to the progress of medical science and technology and interventional materials at home and abroad,interventional mechanical thrombectomy(MT)has been rapidly developed,which has a better effect and a longer treatment window for patients with post-circulation infarction,and can also increase the permeability of blood vessels,accelerate the recovery of the disease,and improve the therapeutic effect.At present,MT is a promising treatment method.This study reviewed the current status and progress of MT by analyzing the development of postcirculation thrombectomy,different MT treatment methods for acute post-circulation infarction,and problems in the application of MT therapy.