可弯曲支气管镜在儿童心血管疾病相关气道问题中的应用

Application of flexible bronchoscope in airway problems associated with cardiovascular disease in children

心血管疾病(CVD)患儿常伴随呼吸道症状,其原因多样,主要分为CVD对气道的外部压迫和CVD伴发气道发育畸形。可弯曲支气管镜在诊断和治疗CVD相关气道问题方面发挥越来越重要的作用,尤其在围手术期管理和伴发气道狭窄的介入治疗中。随着小儿心胸外科技术和儿童呼吸内镜介入治疗技术的快速发展,可弯曲支气管镜将在改善CVD患儿预后方面发挥更大的作用。本文探讨可弯曲支气管镜在儿童CVD相关气道问题中的应用价值,包括诊断气管-支气管树异常、清除黏液栓、止血、介入治疗气道狭窄,以及评估和管理心胸外科围手术期气道问题等方面。

Children with cardiovascular disease(CVD)are often accompanied by respiratory symptoms,which can be caused by a variety of reasons,mainly including CVD external compression of airway and CVD and concomitant airway malformation.Flexible bronchoscope plays an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment of airway problems associated with CVD,especially in perioperative management and interventional therapy of concomitant airway stenosis.With the rapid development of pediatric cardiothoracic surgery technique and respiratory endoscopic interventional therapy technique in children,flexible bronchoscope will play a greater role in improving the prognosis of children with CVD.In this paper,application value of flexible bronchoscope in airway problems associated with CVD in children is explored,containing aspects in terms of diagnosing tracheo-bronchial tree abnormality,removing mucus plugs,hemostasis,interventional therapy of airway stenosis,and evaluation and management of perioperative airway problems in the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,etc.