负压辅助静脉引流技术在心脏外科应用进展与挑战

Progress and challenges in the application of vacuum assisted venous drainage in cardiac surgery

负压辅助静脉引流(VAVD)技术是一种通过在密闭的储血器内施加负压以增加静脉引流量的技术。在心脏外科手术中,特别是微创心脏手术和低体重患者的手术中,VAVD技术因其能够提高静脉回流效率、减少体外循环(CPB)预充量及改善手术视野的显著优势而得到广泛应用。本文综述了VAVD技术的基本原理、在心脏外科中的临床应用及其带来的技术优势,包括提高手术安全性和减少术中并发症。此外,还探讨了VAVD技术在实际应用中所面临的挑战,如气体栓塞风险、血液损伤、设备的复杂性及较高的操作要求等。为解决这些问题,本文提出了改进措施和未来研究方向,以期进一步优化VAVD技术的应用,提高其在心脏外科手术中的可靠性和安全性,促进VAVD技术在心脏外科中的广泛应用和持续改进。

Vacuum assisted venous drainage(VAVD)is a technique that increases the volume of venous drain-age by applying negative pressure in a closed blood reservoir.In cardiac surgery,especially in minimally invasive cardiac surgery and low-weight patients,VAVD technology has been widely used because of its significant advan-tages of improving venous drainage efficiency,reducing cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)priming and improving the clarity of the surgical field.This article reviews the basic principles of VAVD technology,its clinical applica-tion in cardiac surgery,and its technical advantages,including improving surgical safety and reducing intraopera-tive complications.In addition,the challenges faced in the practical application of VAVD technology,such as gas embolism risk,blood injury,device complexity,and high operational requirements,are discussed.In order to solve these problems,this article proposes improvement measures and future research directions,so as to further optimize the application of VAVD technology,improve its reliability and safety in cardiac surgery,and promote the widespread application and continuous improvement of VAVD technology in cardiac surgery.