论体育行政部门对单项体育协会的监管范围

On the Scope of Regulation of Sports Administrative Department to the Single Sport Association

2022年修订的《体育法》第67条明确了单项体育协会接受体育行政部门的监管,但在第10章“监督管理”部分并无任何具体规定。法定而明确的监管制度对协会实体化改革至关重要,体育法律规范体系需进一步明确体育行政部门对单项体育协会的监管范围。单项体育协会的行为可分为依授权行为、依政府委托行为、依成员权利让渡的公权力行为和民事行为四大类型,反映了协会的社会公权力主体和民事主体两种法律属性。体育行政部门与单项体育协会总体呈现“监护型”关系,其中包括培育、合作和监管三类关系,而监管关系是影响单项体育协会走向完全社会化的关键因素。体育行政部门应恪守其职能边界和尊重协会的自治权限,监管单项体育协会的依授权行为、依政府委托行为、民事行为中的法定体育业务监管部分,而不再监管依成员权利让渡的公权力行为。

Article 67 of the Sports Law revised in 2022 clarifies that individual sports associations are subject to the regulation of the sports administrative department,but there are no specific provisions in Chapter 10 regulation and management.The statutory and clear regulatory system is crucial to the substantive reform of associations,and legal norm system of sports needs to further clarify the scope of regulation of individual sports associations by sports administrative department.The acts of individual sports associations mainly include four types of acts:acts authorized by the government,acts entrusted by the government,acts of public power based on the transfer of member rights,and civil acts,which reflect the two legal attributes of the association:social public power subject and the civil subject.The relationship between the sports administrative department and the individual sports associations generally presents a“guardianship"”relationship,which includes three types of relationships:cultivation,cooperation and regulation,and the regulatory relationship is the key factor affecting the complete socialization of the individual sports associations.The administrative department of sports shall abide by the boundaries of its functions and the autonomy of the association,impose the statutory sports business regulation of the individual sports association's acts authorized by the government,acts entrusted by the government,and civil acts,and no longer regulate the acts of public power based on the transfer of member rights.