互补资产链接能力、吸收速度与核心技术突破

Complementary assets linking capacity, absorption speed and core technology breakthroughs

在中美科技脱钩和双循环大背景下苹果芯片互补资产链接能力加速关键核心技术突破过程,为中国企业快速突破芯片技术瓶颈,提高在全球市场的竞争力提供借鉴。本文界定了互补资产链接能力为企业跨组织链接新技术研发创新及其商业化所需互补资产的能力,采用纵向单案例方法对苹果公司在2008年至2022年期间芯片设计领域快速实现关键核心技术突破过程进行探索性研究。研究发现:互补资产链接能力加快吸收速度是企业快速突破关键核心技术的一种方法,分为“自研式”和“引进式”两种模式。作用机制显示:企业通过跨组织链接新技术研发、商业化所需的通用及专用互补资产,加速知识获取、同化和应用,而互补资产链接能力与吸收速度的动态匹配,尤其是数字技术和创新生态,对于塑造组织认知和学习、实现突破至关重要。更进一步,合作伙伴间赋能与影响提升合作伙伴打造专用互补资产的能力和意愿,把握市场需求、技术路线和生态系统的机会窗口及互补性资产类型区分与链接策略,是加速芯片设计企业链接互补资产的三个重要因素。研究结论拓展了现有关于互补资产链接能力和关键核心技术快速突破的理论,为中国企业提供了实用的指导和策略建议。

In the context of US-China technological decoupling and the dual circulation strategy,it is significant for companies to achieve rapid breakthroughs in key core technologies of chip design.The complementary assets linking capacity,which accelerates the speed of technology absorption,is one method for companies to rapidly overcome key technological challenges.This study employed a longitudinal single-case study method,with Apple′s chip business as the research subject.From the perspective of complementary assets linking ability and absorption speed,the core contribution of this research is the proposal to introduce the"complementary asset linking ability---absorption speed---key core technology rapid breakthrough"theoretical model.This model defines complementary asset linking ability as the capacity of a company to link new technology R&D innovation and its commercialization across organizations,thus dividing key core technology breakthroughs into"self-developed"and"introduced"complementary asset linking modes,and revealing the breakthrough path of"technology-product-ecosystem".The study also found that the main reasons for the successful rapid linking of complementary assets by chip design companies include the enabling and influencing of partnership relationships,seizing of opportunity windows(technology,market,and ecosystem),and the distinction and linking strategies of types of complementary assets.Finally,this paper discussed from a"time"perspective how introducing complementary assets linking capacity accelerates the resolution of key core technology breakthroughs,revealing the dynamic match between the strength of complementary asset linking capacity and the speed of absorption,thereby fostering a scholarly dialogue between the fields of complementary asset linking capacity and absorption speed.