全过程人民民主优化政府决策的机理与路径

On the Mechanism and Path of Whole-process People's Democracy's Optimizing Government Decision-making

全过程人民民主对优化政府决策过程、提升决策治理效能具有重大意义,是打开“决策黑箱”的最佳途径。全过程人民民主的理念、制度和实践三种形态与政府决策的政治、政策和问题三条源流有效对接,解决了民主在政府决策中的嵌入与运转问题。全过程人民民主的理念形态通过丰富政治源流,塑造了“全覆盖”主体、“全方位”客体、“全链条”环节的民主决策社会生态系统;制度形态通过净化政策源流,规定了“抗合式”互动关系、“双强型”博弈结构、“全景化”敞视过程的民主决策生成规则;实践形态通过改善问题源流,优化了决策议题筛选、方案寻求和绩效评估的民主决策释能功能。决策的复杂性以及民主形态与决策源流之间的时空交织性,又使得全过程人民民主的三种出场形态与政府决策的三条源流的无缝对接具有复杂的联动性。因此,打开政府“决策黑箱”应坚持系统思维,通过理念突破、制度规制、实践释能、数字赋能等路径,使民主全链条、全方位、全覆盖融入政府决策,实现决策科学化、民主化。

The whole-process people's democracy is of great significance to optimize government decision-making process and improve the efficiency of decision-making,and is the best way to open the“black box in decision-making”.The three forms of the idea,system and practice of the whole-process people's democracy are effectively connected with the three sources of the politics,policies and problems of government decision-making,which solves the problem of the embedding and operation of democracy in government decision-making.The idea form of the whole-process people's democracy has created a democratic decision-making ecosystem that is composed of“full coverage”subject,“allround”object and“whole chain”link by enriching the political source;the system form of the wholeprocess people's democracy has stipulated the generative rules of democratic decision-making which includes“anti-fit”interaction,“double-strong”game structure and“panoramic”open view process through purifying the source and flow of policies;the practice form has optimized the function of democratic decision-making to release energy which includes the selection of decision issues,scheme seeking and performance evaluation by improving the source and flow of problems.The complexity of decision-making and the interweaving of time and space between democratic forms and decision-making sources make the seamless connection between the three forms of the whole-process people's democracy and the three sources of government decision-making complicated.So,to open the“black box in decision-making”,we should adhere to systematic thinking,and integrate the whole chain,all-round and full coverage of democracy into government decision-making and achieve scientific and democratic decision-making through the paths of concept breakthrough,institutional regulation,practical interpretation and digital empowerment.