以需求为导向的专业学位研究生协同培养机制优化研究——基于教育、科技、人才一体化的视角

Research on Optimization of Collaborative Training Mechanism for Professional Degree Postgraduates with Demand Orientation:Based on the Perspective of Integration of Education,Technology and Talents

深化专业学位研究生培养机制改革是新时代研究生教育分类发展的核心主题。本研究以教育、科技、人才一体化为视角,通过考察我国经济强省和教育大省的专业学位研究生教育发展,总结特点和经验,以期为全国专业学位研究生教育高质量发展提供实践经验。研究发现,专业学位研究生培养主要瓶颈是过度指标考核及学术导向,导致校企联合培养质量打折扣;行业企业参与联合培养成本高、供需错位,导致动力性不强;专业学位点及课程教学内容设置滞后,难以跟上生产实践需要;多元主体协同松散,治理机制不健全,导致难以支撑“有组织育人”。分类发展背景下专业学位研究生培养亟待服务于国家和区域发展战略需求,优化政校院企多元主体协同新机制,以教育为主体深化分类培养改革,以科技为支撑促进科教深度融合,以人才为支点强化人才能力导向,以产业为依托深化区域产教融合,以制度为保障优化多元主体组织架构,强化教育、科技、人才一体化的支撑作用,打造专业学位研究生教育高质量发展新局面。

Deepening the reform of the training mechanism of professional degree postgraduates is the core theme of the classified development of graduate education in the new era.From the perspective of the integration of education,science and technology and talents,this study examines the current characteristics and empirical practices of the development of professional degree postgraduate education in China’s big education provinces and strong economic provinces,in order to provide practical experience for high-quality development of professional degree postgraduate education in China.The research finds that the main bottlenecks in the training of professional degree postgraduates are the quality of school-enterprise joint training caused by index assessment and academic orientation;the high cost of industrial enterprises participating in joint training and the mismatch of supply and demand lead to weak motivation,and the lagging setting of professional courses and course teaching content are difficult to keep up with the needs of production practice.Loose coordination of multiple subjects and imperfect governance mechanism make it difficult to support“organized education”.Under the background of classified development,the training of professional degree postgraduates needs to serve the strategic needs of national and regional development,optimize the new mechanism of multi-subject collaboration between government,school,research institute and enterprise,and deepen the reform of classified training with education as the main body.Besides,it's necessary to promote the deep integration of science and education with the support of science and technology,strengthen the orientation of talent ability with talent as the fulcrum,and deepen the integration of industry and education in the region.Also,it's suggested to optimize the multi-subject organizational structure with the guarantee of the system,strengthen the supporting role of the integration of education,science and technology,and talents,and create a new situation of high-quality development of professional degree postgraduate education.