人工智能发展的前沿趋势、治理挑战与应对策略

Cutting-edge Trends in AI Development,Governance Challenges,and Response Strategies

人工智能发展已经进入大模型时代。在基础研发加速推进、产业应用加速落地的前沿趋势下,人工智能正负两方面的外部性不断释放,在产生巨大经济社会发展收益的同时,也从内生风险、应用风险、经济社会风险等多个维度对个体、国家乃至人类带来不容忽视的安全威胁。在此背景下,技术发展和治理不同步、监管者和被监管者信息不对称、风险防范成本和效益不对等、机制复合体治理不协调、地缘政治环境不稳定等人工智能治理面临的难点和挑战进一步暴露。对此,亟须从加大安全投入、健全监管制度、鼓励自我规制、加强国际治理合作等方面完善人工智能治理体系,更好应对人工智能快速发展带来的风险挑战。

The advent of large language models(LLMs)has ushered in a new era of AI development,characterized by accelerated advancements in foundational research,paradigm shifts in technological approaches,and rapid adoption across industries.The rapid advancement of AI has amplified both the positive and negative externalities,contributing significantly to economic and social progress while also posing security threats at personal,national,and global levels.The challenges in AI governance,such as the gap of technological and governance development,information asymmetries between regulators and the regulated,imbalance of costs and benefits in risk management,lack of coordination within the international regime complex,and instability in geopolitical environments have intensified.Faced with these challenges,China needs to strengthen its AI governance framework by increasing security investments,adopting agile governance practices,promoting self-regulation,and enhancing international governance cooperation,aiming to better tackle the risk challenges arising from the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence.