第三次分配视角下医疗众筹发展模式的比较及政府引导策略

Comparison of Medical Crowdfunding Development Models and Government Guidance Strategies from the Third Distribution Perspective

网络医疗众筹作为互联网慈善的新形式,具有“三次分配”的功能,一定程度上弥补了医疗救助的供给不足,是大病救助新的渠道。但医疗众筹在起步阶段缺乏制度约束,需要通过模式设计树立口碑和提升号召力。现有医疗众筹模式主要包括政府支持模式、基金会主导模式和商业医疗众筹模式等三种,它们在公益性、专业性、可信度、政府参与度等方面存在差异,第三次分配的效果也不尽相同。为了促进医疗众筹的良性发展,政府可探索积极培育公私合营医疗众筹模式,提高模式公益性,加强医疗众筹运营的法律规制,建立公众信任等措施更主动监管医疗众筹的发展。

As a new form of Internet charity,online medical crowdfunding has the function of‘three times distribution’,which to a certain extent make up the insufficient supply of medical aid and is a new channel for relief of serious illnesses.However,medical crowdfunding lacks institutional constraints at the initial stage,and needs to establish reputation and enhance its appeal through model design.Existing medical crowdfunding models mainly include the government-supported model,foundation-led model and commercial medical crowdfunding model,which differ in terms of public welfare,professionalism,credibility,government participation,etc,and the effect of the third distribution is not the same.In order to promote the benign development of medical crowdfunding,the government should take a more proactive role in regulating and supervising medical crowdfunding by taking measures such as vigorously fostering public-private partnership medical crowdfunding models,improving the public welfare of the models,strengthening the legal regulation of medical crowdfunding operations,and building public trust.