类ChatGPT生成式人工智能技术赋能环境治理的机制、风险及防控

Mechanisms,Risks and Prevention of Environmental Governance Empowered by ChatGPT-like Generative AI Technology

以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能技术成为现象级的科技变革成果,其具备嵌入政府环境治理的诸多现实可能。类ChatGPT生成式人工智能技术赋能环境治理的机制体现为:识别转化海量复杂数据,助推环境治理智能决策;数据共享重塑行政流程,促使环境治理降本增效;智能识别应对环境危机,提升动态治理环境能力;促进多元主体实时互动,强化环境治理监管问责。同时,以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能技术在环境治理中的深度运用可能会带来风险,主要体现为环境治理决策准确性风险、数据安全性风险、行政合法性风险、技术依赖性风险。为了规避风险,发挥类ChatGPT生成式人工智能技术的正向赋能作用,要优化智能模型和数据质量,提升决策准确性;健全数据共享与保护法规,确保数据安全性;推进行政改革与制度建设,追求行政合法性;深化人机协同与技能提升,保障治理自主性。

The generative artificial intelligence technology represented by ChatGPT has become a phenomenon of scientific and technological change,and it has many practical possibilities to embed the government’s environmental governance.The mechanism of ChatGPT-like generative artificial intelligence technology enabling environmental governance is embodied in identifying and transforming massive and complex data to promote intelligent decision-making of environmental governance;Data sharing reshapes administrative processes to reduce costs and increase efficiency of environmental governance;Intelligent identification and response to environmental crises improve dynamic environmental governance capabilities;Promoting real-time interaction between multiple entities and strengthening the accountability of environmental governance supervision.The deep application of generative artificial intelligence technology represented by ChatGPT in environmental governance may also bring risks,mainly reflected in the accuracy of environmental governance decision-making,data security,administrative legitimacy,and technical dependence.To mitigate risks and harness the positive enabling effects of ChatGPT-like generative artificial intelligence technology,it is essential to optimize intelligent models and data quality to enhance decision-making accuracy;improve data sharing and protection regulations to ensure data security;advance administrative reforms and institutional development to pursue administrative legality;and deepen human-machine collaboration and skill enhancement to ensure governance autonomy.