唑来膦酸对肌少症作用机制的研究进展

Advances in the mechanism of zoledronic acid in inproving sarcopenia

肌少症是指与年龄增长有关的进行性全身骨骼肌质量减少、骨骼肌力量下降和(或)躯体功能减退的疾病。近年我国流行病学调查显示,60岁及以上的老年人肌少症患病率为5.7%~23.9%,跌倒、骨折等相关风险增加,加重了家庭和社会的负担。目前缺乏有效治疗药物。肌肉和骨骼在发育、生长、衰老和许多疾病中表现出显著的共性,肌少症常伴随骨质疏松一起发生。唑来膦酸是临床上应用较为广泛的抗骨质疏松药物,它主要通过抑制甲羟戊酸代谢途径中的法尼基焦磷酸合成酶来发挥作用。唑来膦酸不仅可以保持骨骼完整性,还可以在各种情况下发挥肌肉促进作用。该文通过梳理唑来膦酸对肌少症的影响及其涉及的潜在机制,为未来治疗肌少症提供新的思路。

Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related generalized reduction in skeletal muscle mass,decreased skeletal muscle strength,and/or reduced somatic function.Recent epidemiological surveys in China have shown that the prevalence of sarcopenia among individuals aged 60 and above ranges from 5.7%to 23.9%.This condition increases the risk of falls and fractures,thereby exacerbating the burden on families and society.Currently,there are no effective pharmacological treatments for sarcopenia.Muscle and bone show significant commonalities in development,growth,aging,and many diseases,and sarcopenia often occurs with osteoporosis.Zoledronic acid is one of the more widely used anti-osteoporosis drugs in clinical practice,and it acts mainly by inhibiting farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase in the mevalonate metabolic pathway.Zoledronic acid not only maintains bone integrity,but also exerts muscle-promoting effects in a variety of situations.This article reviews the effects of zoledronic acid on sarcopenia and the potential mechanisms involved to provide new ideas for the future treatment of sarcopenia.