不同物种肌动蛋白聚合功能及其差异分析

Functional Analysis of Actin Polymerization in Different Species

肌动蛋白聚合在细胞过程中发挥着关键作用,包括细胞分裂、发育、形态发生、运动和极性建立等重要过程。肌动蛋白聚合异常可引发心血管疾病、神经系统疾病和癌症等多种疾病。肌动蛋白聚合在细胞功能和疾病的发生和发展中发挥着至关重要的作用。尽管物种间和种内肌动蛋白的氨基酸序列高度保守,暗示其功能可能相似,然而最新研究发现,它们在聚合功能方面有差异性。研究表明,大部分动物或植物肌动蛋白能够在酵母细胞中被异源使用,但是兔子骨骼肌和玉米花粉肌动蛋白在聚合功能方面几乎无法互相替代。与此相比,酵母肌动蛋白则可以与动物或植物肌动蛋白共聚。本文综述了近年来动物、植物和酵母肌动蛋白的聚合特性以及其在体内外聚合功能上的差异性研究进展,以及靶向干预肌动蛋白聚合的药物,不仅为治疗人类疾病提供了新的途径,同时也为我们深入了解种内外肌动蛋白的分子机制奠定了基础,有助于开发治疗人类疾病的新型药物。进一步的研究探索将有助于揭示肌动蛋白多样性和功能进化的潜在规律,为相关领域的研究提供了重要的指导和启示。

Actin polymerization is a crucial process in cellular functions,impacting key processes like cell division,development,morphogenesis,motility,and polarity establishment.Abnormalities in actin polymerization can lead to various diseases,including cancer,highlighting its significance in both normal cell function and disease progression.While the amino acid sequences of actin are highly conserved across species,recent studies have revealed differences in their polymerization functions.The animal or plant actin can be used heterologously in yeast cells,but certain types like the rabbit skeletal muscle and maize pollen actin have unique polymerization properties.On the other hand,the yeast actin can interact with the animal or plant actin.This review explores the polymerization characteristics of the animal,plant,and yeast actin,highlighting functional disparities in polymerization both in vivo and in vitro.Additionally,we discuss drugs that target actin polymerization,aiming to offer potential avenues for treating human diseases and advancing our understanding of actin’s molecular mechanisms.Further research in this area may uncover the underlying principles of actin diversity and functional evolution,providing valuable insights for related fields.