抑郁障碍动物模型在抑郁障碍机制和抗抑郁治疗研究中的进展

Research progress in animal models for depressive disorders and antidepressants

动物模型是研究抑郁障碍机制、筛选抗抑郁活性药物的有力工具,但目前尚无理想的模拟临床患者状态的模型。本文首先简述经典抑郁障碍动物模型的研究进展,而后综述与应激相关的动物模型,尤其是身体应激源和社交心理应激源诱导的模型,并介绍评估动物抑郁样行为的测试,讨论各模型优缺点和应用中的注意事项,最后针对抑郁障碍的高度异质性,阐述难治性抑郁障碍、躁郁症、围产期抑郁和经前心境恶劣障碍4种抑郁障碍亚型的动物模型研究进展。

Animal models are powerful tools for studying the mechanism of depressive disorders and screening antidepressants,but so far there is no model which can stimulate the clinical status of patients ideally.Here,we briefly introduced the research advances in classic animal models of depres⁃sive disorders,and focused on stress-related animal models,especially those induced by physical and social psychological stressors.The tests for evaluating animal depression behavior were reviewed.In this article,the strengths and weaknesses of each model were analyzed,and the precautions in its application were recommended.Finally,given the high heterogeneity of depressive disorders,this article elaborated on the research progress in models for subtypes of depressive disorders,such as treatment resistant depression,bipolar disorder,peripartum depression,and premenstrual syndrome.