初中生性暴力知识水平及性教育干预有效性评估

Assessment of the knowledge level of sexual violence and the effectiveness of sex education intervention in junior high school students

目的了解初中生性暴力知识水平及评估性教育干预后的课堂效果,为在中学开展预防性暴力相关知识的教育提供依据。方法通过整群随机抽样法选取大理地区5所初中学校,每所学校抽取2个班级,采用动画视频及性教育知识宣讲进行干预,干预前后采用自编问卷进行调查比较。结果城镇户口的初中生性知识总体知晓率高,但在性别暴力认知方面还有待提高,尤其是男生的性认知(49.70%)及基于性别暴力认知(24.26%)的知晓率水平。女生较男生对性知识的知晓程度高,在性暴力发生条件、性暴力预防及性认知方面的知晓率显著高于男生(P<0.05)。利用性教育课堂干预可提高初中学生性知识的知晓水平,干预后不同性别初中生性暴力定义、性暴力发生条件、性暴力行为及对性认知的知晓率较干预前均有所提高。结论初中生性暴力知识水平有待完善;青春期女生对性知识的知晓率表现出更积极的倾向,可针对不同性别的初中生开展不同的性暴力相关知识的教育;开展学校性教育短期内可以改善学生的性暴力知识水平,因此应以学校为主要阵地,加强对中学生性暴力相关知识的教育。

Objective To understand the level of knowledge about sexual violence among junior high school students and to assess the class effects after sex education intervention.To provide a basis for delivering knowledge about the prevention of sexual violence in middle schools.Methods Five junior high schools in Dali area were selected by cluster random sampling method,and two classes were selected from each school.Animated videos and lectures of sex education knowledge were used for intervention,and self-administered questionnaires were used before and after the intervention for comparison.Results The overall awareness rate of sexual knowledge in junior high school students with urban households is high,but their awareness rate of gender violence needs to be improved,especially the sexual awareness of male students(49.70%)and their awareness rate of gender-based violence awareness(24.26%).Female students had higher awareness level of sexual knowledge than male students,and the awareness rates of sexual violence occurrence conditions,sexual violence prevention and sexual cognition were significantly higher than those of male students(P<0.05).The awareness level of sexual knowledge in junior high school students could be improved through the intervention of sex education lectures.After the intervention,the awareness rate of the definition of sexual violence,the occurrence conditions of sexual violence,the behavior of sexual violence and the sexual cognition in junior high school students of different genders were all improved compared with those before the intervention.Conclusions The knowledge level of sexual violence among junior high school students needs to be improved.Adolescent girls show a more positive tendency in the awareness rate of sexual knowledge,and different sexual violence-related knowledge can be carried out for junior high school students of different genders.Carrying out sex education in schools can improve the knowledge level of sexual violence among students in short term,so schools should be used as the main position to strengthen the education of sexual violence-related knowledge for junior high school students.