信息基础设施对地区就业及产业结构的影响

Impact of Information Infrastructure on Regional Employment and Industrial Structure

文章基于中国180个地级及以上城市2010—2019年的市域面板数据,利用“宽带中国”政策这一准自然实验和“城市离国家级互联网骨干直联点的最短距离”等工具变量,从宏观上探讨了信息基础设施如何影响地区劳动力的就业率、就业结构和产业结构。结果表明:①信息基础设施建设能够提升地区就业。②互联网接入能够促进地区就业结构升级,显著促进了地区第三产业就业人员占比的提升;同时对地区新注册企业密度有显著的正向影响,且这一影响存在区域差异。整体而言,信息基础设施建设有助于地区产业结构的转型升级。据此,提出应根据地区间互联网普及率的现实差距,进一步加强东北和中西部地区的信息基础设施建设和推广,以促进地区就业和产业结构转型升级,为当地居民提供更多的就业机会和更高质量的就业岗位。

Based on the panel data of 180 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2010 to 2019,this paper uses the quasi-natural experiment of"Broadband China"policy and instrumental variables such as"the shortest distance between a city and a national backbone direct connection point"to discuss the influence of information infrastructure on employment rate of labor force,employment structure,and industrial structure.The results show that:1)Information infrastructure can improve regional employment.2)Internet access can promote the upgrading of regional employment structure and significantly promote the increase in the proportion of employment in the tertiary industry.It also significantly has a positive impact on the density of newly registered enterprises in the region and this impact has regional differences.Overall,the construction of information infrastructure is conducive to the transformation and upgrading of regional industrial structure.In light of the findings,this paper proposes to further strengthen the construction and promotion of information infrastructure in the northeastern,central,and western regions,to promote the transformation and upgrading of regional employment and industrial structure,to provide more job opportunities and higher quality jobs for local residents.