北京高新技术企业分布特征及其影响因素

Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of High-tech Enterprises in Beijing

高新技术企业已成为区域创新活动的重要载体,具有空间集聚特征。文章利用空间自相关、核密度分析、标准差椭圆和MGWR模型等方法对2000—2023年北京高新技术企业分布特征、演变格局及影响因素进行了分析与探讨。结果表明:①北京高新技术企业空间自相关性先增强后减弱,整体空间格局变化较小且趋向稳定发展;不同类型企业呈现出明显的集聚特征,并都有其特定的高密度集聚区域。②MGWR模型可以在不同的空间尺度上调整权重,更精细地揭示高新技术企业在不同尺度上的异质性。③不同因素对高新技术企业分布作用强度不同且在空间上具有异质性,MGWR模型全局影响因素回归结果与分类型结果存在显著差异。研究成果可为政府和企业制定科学合理的产业规划和创新政策提供科学依据。

High-tech enterprises have become important drivers of regional innovation activities,exhibiting spatial agglomeration characteristics.This study utilizes methods such as spatial autocorrelation,kernel density analysis,standard deviation ellipse,and multiscale geographic weighted regression(MGWR)model to investigate the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of high-tech enterprises in Beijing.The results indicate that:1)The spatial autocorrelation of high-tech enterprises in Beijing initially increased and then weakened,with the overall spatial pattern showing little change and trending towards a stable stage of development.Different types of enterprises exhibited distinct clustering characteristics and each had their specific high-density clustering areas.2)The multiscale geographic weighted regression model can adjust weights at different spatial scales,revealing the heterogeneity of high-tech enterprises at various scales more precisely.3)Various factors exerted varying degrees of influence on the distribution of high-tech enterprises,displaying spatial heterogeneity.There were significant differences between the regression results of the MGWR model's global influencing factors and those obtained from classifying the enterprises by type.The research findings can provide a scientific basis for governments and enterprises to formulate scientific and reasonable industrial planning and innovation policies,guiding the high-quality development of the urban economy.