乡村旅游促进乡村振兴的绩效评价及其提升路径

Performance Evaluation and Enhancement Path of Rural Tourism Promoting Rural Revitalization

文章基于三生空间理论探讨了旅游促进乡村振兴的理论逻辑,构建了乡村振兴绩效测度指标体系,运用熵权TOPSIS法和自然断点法测算并分析乡村旅游促进乡村振兴的绩效,并采用模糊集定性比较分析方法进一步分析了其影响因素。结果表明:①从整体上看,我国乡村旅游促进乡村振兴绩效在区域之间存在较大差异,呈现出东部、中部和西部递减的规律。②从2010—2022年的空间六分位图来看,绩效高的地区呈现出从点状分散向集聚分布格局转变,部分市域的绩效等级呈现波动趋势。③从乡村旅游类型上看,东部地区较强的区位辐射效应遮蔽了乡村旅游类型对乡村振兴绩效的影响,西部景区依附型和中部文化遗产型具有较大的振兴绩效。④从影响因素的组态分析看,9个影响因素的交互作用形成“支撑条件保障型”“文化基础夯实型”“客源市场局限型”和“环境质保缺陷型”4种高、低振兴绩效组态路径模式。最后,从政府、行业、市场、企业和社区5个层面提出了旅游促进乡村振兴的提升路径。

This paper explores the theoretical logic of rural tourism promoting rural revitalization based on the ecologicalproduction-living space theory,constructs a performance measurement index system of rural revitalization,measures and analyzes the performance of rural tourism promoting rural revitalization applying entropy-weighted TOPSIS method and natural breakpoints method,and adopts fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to further analyze its influencing factors.The results show that:1)As a whole,the performance of China's rural tourism promoting rural revitalization varies greatly between regions,showing a decreasing pattern from the eastern region to the western region.2)According to the spatial sextile map of 2010-2022,the areas with high-level performance show a shift from point-like dispersion to agglomeration distribution pattern,the performance levels of some prefecture-level cities show a fluctuating trend.3)In terms of the rural tourism types,the stronger location radiation effects in the eastern region obscure the impact of rural tourism types on rural revitalization performance,and the scenic area-dependent type in the western region and the cultural heritage type in the central region have greater revitalization performance.4)In terms of the grouping analysis of influencing factors,the interaction of nine influencing factors forms four types of high-level and low-level revitalization performance grouping path modes,namely,"guarantee type of support condition","consolidation type of cultural foundation","limitation type of source market"and"defective type of environmental quality assurance".Based on the above results,this paper proposes the enhancement path of rural revitalization under tourism practice from five dimensions:government,industry,market,enterprise and community.