聚合物基陶瓷化复合材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Polymer-based Ceramic Composites

聚合物基陶瓷化复合材料具有有机高分子材料和无机陶瓷的优异性能,可在高温下变成多孔结构和冲击陶瓷层,陶瓷层可阻碍热量传递,隔离可燃物与氧气的接触,因此具有很好的阻燃和耐火作用,是一种新型耐火和耐高温材料。介绍了聚合物基陶瓷化复合材料的组成及其陶瓷化机理,综述了聚合物基陶瓷化复合材料的分类,包括橡胶类陶瓷化复合材料、乙烯聚合物基陶瓷化复合材料、环氧树脂基陶瓷化复合材料、酚醛树脂基陶瓷化复合材料等。未来的研究重点主要集中在提高陶瓷填料与树脂基体的相容性、制备高效阻燃剂和高效陶瓷化体系的设计上。

Polymer-based ceramifiable composites not only have excellent properties of organic polymer materials and inorganic ceramics,but also can form porous structure and impact ceramic layers at high temperatures.Because the ceramic layer can hinder the transfer of heat and isolate the contact between combustible and oxygen,it plays a good flame retardant and fire resistance role,and can be used as a new type of fire-resistant and high temperature resistant material.The study introduces the composition and mechanism of polymer-based ceramic composites,summarizes the classification of polymer based ceramic composites,including rubber based ceramic composites,vinyl polymer based ceramic composites,epoxy resin based ceramic composites and phenolic resin based ceramic composites,etc.The future research mainly concentrates on improving the compatibility of ceramic filler and resin matrix,preparing high efficiency flame retardants,and designing high efficiency ceramic chemical system.