数据交易所的二元模式及其法律实现

The Binary Model of Data Exchanges and Its Legal Implementation

数据交易所的发展促进了数据的流通与共享,使得数据价值得以发挥。然而,我国当前在各地筹建的营利性数据交易所面临着发展困境。营利性数据交易所因定位不明、功能架空等出现同质化竞争与重复建设等问题而发展不符预期。构建营利性与非营利性数据交易所共同发展的二元模式是化解当前数据交易所发展困境的可行方案。营利性与非营利性数据交易所既有共性,也有特性,需分类规制。服务属性以及基本的权利义务是二元数据交易所的共性规则。就特性规则而言,为使数据交易合规高效发展,应当从市场准入制度及监管体系等方面对二元数据交易所实行差异化规制。

The development of data exchanges promote the circulation and sharing of data,which makes the value of data be realized.However,at present,the for-profit data exchanges established in various regions of our country are facing development difficulties.Due to unclear positioning and functional vacancy,for-profit data exchanges have faced problems such as homogeneous competition and repeated construction,which lead to the development is not in line with expectations.It is a feasible solution to solve the dilemma of the current development of data exchanges to construct the binary model of mutual development of for-profit and non-profit data exchanges.For-profit and non-profit data exchanges have both commonalities and characteristics,which need to be regulated by classification.Service attributes and basic rights and obligations are the common rules of binary data exchanges.In terms of characteristic rules,in order to ensure the compliant and efficient development of data transactions,differentiated regulation should be implemented on binary data exchanges from aspects such as market access system and regulatory system.