“慎独”俗解与儒家修身人格观念的历史衍变

The popular explanation of Shendu and the historical evolution of the view on Confucian self-cultivation character

郑玄及朱熹对“慎独”俗话的解释明显不同于先秦典籍,这种俗解实际上与从先秦到宋朝修身人格观念的衍变密切相关,即从“圣人”“君子”进而变成“仁者”。对两者之间进行历史性的因果分析可以发现修身人格观念衍变所具有的下行性、内向性、内洽性的特点,也可以深化对于以慎独为核心所建立的修身体系在历史中所发挥的利弊作用的认识。

The explanation of Shendu made by the Zhen Xuan and Zhu Xi is clearly inconsistent with the classic works in the Pre-Qin Period.In fact,this popular explanation is closely connected with the evolution of selfcultivation character from the Pre-Qin Period to the Song Dynasty,namely the transformation from a sage or a man of virtue to a benevolent person.A historical,cause-effect analysis between these two can show the downward,inward and internally harmonious features of this evolution,which will deepen the understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of the self-cultivation system established with Shendu as the core in the history.