月季灰霉病菌抗药性监测及防控技术研究

Resistance Monitoring and Control Measures of Botrytis Cinerea causing China Rose Gray Mold

监测月季灰霉病抗药性发生现状,探索防控药剂的应用技术。病原鉴定采用分子鉴定和形态学鉴定法,抗药性监测采用菌落生长区分剂量法,田间试验采用喷雾法。3省份采集分离的月季灰霉病菌株均为灰葡萄孢菌。抗性监测结果表明,采集的月季灰霉病菌对多菌灵、嘧菌酯和戊唑醇的抗性频率分别为66.67%、50%和77.78%,应降低使用频次。田间药效试验结果表明,推荐剂量下啶酰菌胺和嘧霉胺对月季灰霉病的防效分别为70%~88%和70%~84%,两者在江苏的防效均>80%。植物安全性试验结果表明,啶酰菌胺在有效剂量225、450、900 g a.i./hm2嘧霉胺在有效剂量800、1600、3200 g a.i./hm2范围内对月季安全。基于本研究成果,建议生产上可使用啶酰菌胺和嘧霉胺防控月季灰霉病,注意轮换用药。

This paper aims to monitor the resistance of RGM and to explore the application technology of fungicides to guarantee the quality and safety of agricultural products.Pathogen identification was conducted using both morphological characteristic and molecular method,while the foliar spray method was used for field efficacy trials,the growth rate method for plant safety,and the method of Liquid chromatography-tandem for residue analysis.The pathogens isolated from rose were all identified as Botrytis cinerea.The resistance monitoring results suggested varying levels of resistance to carbendazim,azoxystrobin,and tebuconazole indicating that excessive use of these fungicides should be avoided.The field trials showed that boscalid achieved a control effect of 70%~88%against RGM,and pyrimethanil 70%~84%,with control effect exceeding 80%in Jiangsu province.Plant safety test showed that boscalid was safe to rose at application rates of 225,450,and 900 g a.i./ha,while pyrimethanil was safe at 800,1600,and 3200 g a.i./ha.The trial suggested that boscalid and pyrimethanil are promising fungicides for the control of RGM in the field.