旅游资源开发与景观生态安全交互胁迫时空演变研究——以赤水河流域贵州段为例

Spatio-temporal Evolution of Interactive Coercing Relationship between Tourism Resource Development and Landscape Ecological Security:A Case Study of the Guizhou Section of Chishui River Basin

旅游资源开发与景观生态安全相互影响,厘清二者作用机制是筑牢生态安全屏障、实现旅游高质量发展的基础。该文以赤水河流域贵州段为例,构建基于网格尺度的旅游资源开发力度测算模型和景观生态安全评价模型,并利用双指数模型分析2010-2020年旅游资源开发与景观生态安全交互胁迫关系的时空演变规律。结果表明:①研究区旅游资源开发力度不断增强,高等级开发区域快速扩张,由“点状”向“带状”演进,并逐步形成以核心景区为增长极、“东北-西南”及“西北-东南”为双轴线的旅游开发空间格局。②研究区景观生态安全状况整体高位平稳,中高等级景观生态安全区域持续增加,形成景观生态安全等级较高的“西北-东南”和“东北-西南”双轴,但轴线生态安全呈波动发展。③研究区旅游资源开发与景观生态安全总体协同发展形势向好,形成以西北和西南为重点、景观生态双轴为纽带的正向协同片区,但区域具体协同路径存在差异。其中,生态本底较弱的西南和中部集中连片区在实现正向协同之前面临生态景观保护压力较大,而旅游资源开发处于初、中级的双轴中部景观生态安全变化受旅游资源开发速率影响较大。

There is an obvious interactive relationship between tourism resource development and landscape ecological security,clarifying the specific mechanism of the two is of great significance to achieve a solid ecological security barrier and high-quality tourism development.By taking the Guizhou section of Chishui River Basin as an example,this paper firstly constructed two grid-scale models to analyze the intensity of tourism resource development and landscape ecological security,and then used a dual index model to explore the spatio-temporal evolution rules of interactive coercing relationship between the two from 2010 to 2020.The results are shown as follows:①The development intensity of tourism resources in the study area shows a continuous increase.As areas with high-level development of tourism resources expand rapidly,the development pattern changes from"punctiform development"to"zonal development",gradually forming a spatial pattern with core scenic area as the growth pole and the northeast-southwest axis and northwest-southeast axis as the two axes.②The overall level of landscape ecological security in the study area is high and stable,and areas with medium and high-level continue to increase,forming two landscape ecological security axes of northeast-southwest axis and northwest-southeast axis but with a fluctuating development trend.③The overall collaborative development of tourism resource development and landscape ecological security in the study area is improving,forming a positive collaborative areas with the northwest and southwest areas as the focuses and the dual-axis of landscape ecology as the link.However,there are differences in the specific regional collaboration paths,among which the southwest and the concentrated contiguous areas with weak ecological backgrounds face greater pressure on ecological landscape protection before realizing positive synergy,while central areas on the dual-axis,where tourism resource development is at the primary and intermediate levels,are more likely to be affected by the rate of tourism resource development.