基于结构方程模型的医学院校大学生乙型肝炎知信行关系研究

Analysis of hepatitis B knowledge attitude and practice in medical university students based on Structural Equation Modeling

目的分析医学院校大学生乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)知识、态度、行为三者之间的关系,为高校更好地开展健康教育提供科学依据。方法自行编制调查问卷,采用分层整群随机抽样的方法选取某医学高校大学生进行调查,通过Amos 24.0软件进行乙肝知信行结构方程模型的构建和分析。结果乙肝相关知识平均得分为(9.55±4.51)分(满分15分),态度平均得分(45.09±5.51)分(满分70分)。结构方程模型拟合结果显示,乙肝知识对行为产生正向作用,乙肝知识对行为的总效应为0.332,其中直接作用为0.312、间接作用为0.020,乙肝态度对乙肝行为只有直接正向作用(0.121)。结论大学生对乙肝知识存在误区,良好的知识和积极的态度对行为均产生正向作用,其中知识的作用较大,是行为改变的基础,态度是行为改变的动力。

Objective To analyze the relationship between hepatitis B knowledge,attitude,and practice of university students in medical universities,to provide a scientific basis for universities to better carry out health education.Methods The questionnaire was prepared by ourselves,and university students were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method for the survey,and the structural equation model of hepatitis B was constructed and analyzed by Amos 24.0 software.Results The average score of hepatitis B-related knowledge was 9.55±4.51(15 of full score),and the average score of attitude was 45.09±5.51(70 of full score).The results of model fitting showed that the total effect coefficient of hepatitis B-related knowledge on practice was 0.332,including the direct effect coefficient of 0.312,the indirect effect coefficient of 0.020,and the effect coefficient of hepatitis B-related attitude on practice was 0.121.Conclusion There are misunderstandings about hepatitis B among university students,and knowledge and attitude have a positive effect on practice,among which knowledge plays a greater role and is the basis for practice change,and attitude is the driving force for practice change.