基于协调曲线法和分层序列法的4000kN挤压铸造合模机构的多目标优化

Multi-objective Optimization of Clamping Unit of a 4000 kN Squeeze Casting Machine Based on Coordination Curve Method and Hierarchical Sequence Method

为了综合提高挤压铸造设备合模机构的运动和力学性能,提出基于协调曲线法和分层序列法相结合的多目标优化方法。首先,分析挤压铸造设备曲肘式合模机构的工作特性,构建数学优化模型。其次,确定行程比与增力比的协调曲线关系,给定优化目标的宽容值,采用惩罚函数算法对合模机构的增力比、行程比、速度比与杆件质量总和等目标进行多方案优化,并选取最合适的优化方案。然后,利用ADAMS软件建立虚拟样机模型,仿真验证优化后合模机构运动的准确性和合理性。最后,在现场搭建运动特性和力学特性试验检测平台,对数学模型及仿真结果进行试验验证。结果表明,较优化之前增力比增大了14.4%,行程比提升了6.9%,杆件质量总和小幅减少,动模板速度和加速性能大幅提升。

In order to improve the motion and mechanical performance of the clamping unit of squeezing casting equipment,a multi-objective optimization method was proposed based on the Coordination Curve Method and Layered Sequential Method.Firstly,the operational characteristics of the curved lever-type die-closing mechanism in squeezing casting equipment were analyzed,and a mathematical optimization model was constructed.Subsequently,the harmonious correlation between stroke ratio and force ratio was established,and the tolerance values were assigned for optimization objectives.The penalty function algorithm was used to optimize the multi-scheme optimization of the targets such as force increase ratio,stroke ratio,speed ratio and member mass sum of the clamping unit,and the most suitable optimization scheme was selected.ADAMS software was leveraged for the construction of a virtual prototype model,enabling precise simulation and validation of motion.Finally,the on-site experimental platform was established for the evaluation of motion characteristics and mechanical properties,providing experimental validation for the mathematical model and simulation results.The results reveal a notable 14.4%increase in force ratio,a 6.9%enhancement in stroke ratio,and a marginal reduction in the total mass of rods compared to the pre-optimization state.The speed and acceleration performance of the moving plate are greatly improved.