2023年11月流感高峰期济南市大学生流感样病例发生情况及影响因素

Incidence and influencing factors of influenza-like illness among college students in Jinan during the influenza peak period in November 2023

目的探究2023年11月流感高峰期间,济南市在校大学生流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)发生情况及其影响因素,为后续学校流感的防控提供针对性政策建议。方法采用多阶段抽样和目的抽样方法,在济南市主城区和周边区县随机抽取7所医学或非医学类高校的大学生进行问卷调查。采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析探究罹患流感的影响因素。结果纳入分析的大学生共2306名,ILI发生率为27.1%。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,专业为医学、饮食规律、注射流感疫苗是罹患流感的保护因素,OR(95%CI)分别为0.38(0.29~0.50)、0.58(0.45~0.76)和0.73(0.59~0.89);入睡时间(22:00~22:59 vs.21:59之前,23:00~23:59 vs.21:59之前,24:00之后vs.21:59之前)以及每月失眠频次(1~3次vs.从不,4~6次vs.从不,≥7次vs.从不)是罹患流感的危险因素,OR(95%CI)分别为1.65(1.12~2.45)、2.16(1.45~3.23)、2.05(1.27~3.31)、1.88(1.41~2.50)、2.10(1.53~2.89)和2.61(1.72~3.94)。结论在2023年11月流感高峰期间,济南市大学生人群流感流行强度较大,特别是非医学类院校ILI发生情况较医学类院校严重,因此非医学类高校需要加强有关流感等常见疾病防治的宣教工作,同时引导大学生培养良好的饮食和作息习惯。

Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of influenza-like illness(ILI)among college students in Jinan during the influenza peak period in November 2023,so as to provide targeted policy recommendations for the subsequent prevention and control of influenza in schools.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the students in 7 medical and non-medical colleges randomly selected from the main urban area and surrounding counties of Jinan by multi-stage sampling and objective sampling.Influencing factors of influenza were analyzed by univariate analysis and multiple Logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 2,306 college students were included in the analysis,and the incidence of ILI was 27.1%.Binary Logistic regression analysis results showed that medical major,diet regularity and influenza vaccine injection were the protective factors for influenza,and the OR(95%CI)were 0.38(0.29-0.50),0.58(0.45-0.76)and 0.73(0.59-0.89),respectively.The time of going to sleep(22:00-22:59 vs.before 21:59,23:00-23:59 vs.before 21:59,after 24:00 vs.before 21:59)and monthly frequency of insomnia(1-3 vs.never,4-6 vs.never,≥7 vs.never)were risk factors for influenza,and the OR(95%CI)were 1.65(1.12-2.45),2.16(1.45-3.23),2.05(1.27-3.31),1.88(1.41-2.50),2.10(1.53-2.89),and 2.61(1.72-3.94),respectively.Conclusion During the peak period of influenza in November 2023,the epidemic intensity of influenza among college students in Jinan was relatively high,especially the incidence of ILI in non-medical colleges was more serious than that in medical colleges.Therefore,non-medical colleges need to strengthen the propaganda and education work on the prevention and control of common diseases such as influenza,and guide college students to cultivate good eating and rest habits.