朱熹河洛思想演变历程再认识——兼论朱熹书信编年的相关问题

Research on the Evolution of Zhu Xi's Thought of He tu and Luo shu:A Discussion on the Relevant Issues of the Chronology of Zhu Xi's Letters

朱熹的河洛之学存在从“河九洛十”到“河十洛九”的转变历程。以往有研究认为,早在淳熙八年以前,这个转变已经发生。但学界对该认识所依据关键书信的编年尚有不同意见,除淳熙八年前之说外,还有淳熙十三年和十四年两种看法,朱熹河洛思想演变的历程问题仍有待发之覆。作于同一时期的其他书信显示,这通关键书信应作于淳熙十二年,可知此时,朱熹仍对北宋刘牧提出的“河九洛十”之说深信不疑。在蔡元定的影响下,朱熹开始考虑“河十洛九”的可能性。宋椠《晦庵先生文集》后集所收《易学启蒙》草稿中两说并存的情况,显示出淳熙十二年至十三年间朱熹在“河九洛十”与“河十洛九”之间徘徊的思想状态,这也是以往研究较少注意到的内容。淳熙十三年三月《易学启蒙》的序定,标志着朱熹彻底完成了“河十洛九”的转向。淳熙十二年至十三年三月应当是朱熹河洛之学发生转变的重要时期。

There was a change of Zhu Xi's(1130-1200)theory of He tu(Yellow River Chart)and Luo shu(Luo River Diagram)from“He tu has nine numbers and the Luo shu has ten numbers”to“He tu has ten numbers and Luo shu has nine numbers”.Previous studies suggested that this transformation had already occurred before 1181.However,there are still different opinions in the academic community regarding the chronology of the key letters on which this understanding is based.In addition to the argument of before 1181,there are also two views which believes that the time should be in 1186 and 1187.The issue of the evolution of Zhu Xi's theory of He tu and Luo shu still needs to be studied further.Other letters written during the same period indicate that this key letter should have been written in the 1185,indicating that at this time,Zhu Xi still believed deeply in the theory of“He tu has nine numbers and the Luo shu has ten numbers”proposed by Liu Mu(1011-1064).Under the influence of Cai Yuanding(1135-1198),Zhu Xi began to consider the possibility of“He tu has ten numbers and Luo shu has nine numbers”.The coexistence of two propositions in the draft of Yixue qimeng(Introduction to the Study of the Changes)collected in the Zhu Huian quanjie(Collected Works of Zhu Xi)engraved in Song dynasty shows the ideological state of Zhu Xi's wandering between these two sayings during 1185 and 1186,which has been less noticed in previous research.In the third lunar month of 1186,the Preface to the Introduction to the Study of the Changes marked Zhu Xi's complete transformation to“Hetu has ten numbers and Luoshu has nine numbers”.from 1185 to the third month of 1186should be an important period for the transformation of Zhu Xi's study on He tu and Luo shu.