“家”的失落与回归——易学与家哲学的现代转型

The Loss and Return of“Family”:Modern Transformation of Changes Scholarship and“Family”Philosophy

“家”一直是中国哲学思考和回应的议题。在易学体系中“,乾坤六子”象征着家庭伦理角色及其组成结构“,当位”“应位”等爻位关系暗示着使“家”维持和谐稳定的伦理准则。卦爻是对家的模拟,又反过来规范着家庭成员的行为及相互关系。传统哲学对“家”的理解大体遵循易学奠定的路向。近代以来,思想界掀起了“家庭革命”的思潮,批判“家”对个性自由的束缚。在现代社会,传统家哲学受到自然主义、多元主义、个人主义等思潮的冲击,难以回应日趋复杂的现实。有鉴于此,当代学者从哲学层面对“家”进行反思,阐明“家”的本体身份,重新确立家庭本位的世界观,并对易学之“家”的伦理结构予以现代转换,突出“家”的情感、道德、心理等方面的功能。在当代家哲学的重构过程中,易学仍然是具有启发性、生成性的重要思想资源。

“Family”has always been a topic of philosophical reflection and response in China.In the system of Changes studies,the“Qian-Kun and their six children”symbolize the ethical roles and composition structures of a family,while the relationships between lines such as“in proper position”and“response position”imply ethical principles that maintain the harmony and stability in family.The hexagrams and lines simulate a family,and in turn regulate the behavior and relationships of family members.The understanding of“family”in traditional philosophy generally follows the direction set by Changes studies.Since modern times,the ideological circle has sparked a trend of“family revolution”,criticizing the constraints of“family”on individuality.In modern society,traditional philosophy is challenged by naturalism,pluralism,individualism,and other ideologies,making it difficult to respond to the increasingly complex reality.In view of this,contemporary scholars reflect on the concept of“family”from a philosophical perspective,clarify its ontological identity,re-establish a family-centered worldview,and modernize the ethical structure of“family”in Changes scholarship,highlighting its emotional,moral,psychological,and other functions.In the process of reconstructing contemporary family philosophy,Yijing remains to provide important inspiring and generative intellectual resources.