数字普惠金融对碳排放效率的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Digital Financial Inclusion on Carbon Emission Efficiency

基于2011—2020年中国30个省、区、市的面板数据,运用Super-SBM模型测算了中国各省、区、市的碳排放效率,在此基础上,运用空间探索性分析法、固定效应模型、空间计量模型等系统分析数字普惠金融对碳排放效率的影响机制。研究表明:中国碳排放效率呈上升趋势,但效率总体水平不高,还有较大上升空间。碳排放效率存在“两端高中间低”的“U”型空间格局,山西、黑龙江、吉林、河北等资源型省份碳排放效率较低。中国数字普惠金融发展水平和碳排放效率水平存在显著的正向相关性。数字普惠金融能够显著提高碳排放效率,该结论在替换核心解释变量、变换模型后仍然成立。异质性检验发现,数字普惠金融对资源型省份碳排放效率的提升作用更加突出;在数字普惠金融战略发展时期,数字普惠金融对碳排放效率的提升作用更加突出。因此,各地要加强信息基础设施建设,推动数字化融入普惠金融发展的全过程,充分发挥数字普惠金融对碳排放效率的促进作用。

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China during 2011-2020,the Super-SBM model was used to calculate the carbon emission efficiency of each province and region in China.On this basis,the impact mechanism of digital financial inclusion on carbon emission efficiency was analyzed by using spatial exploratory analysis,fixed effect model,spatial econometric model and other systems.The research shows that China's carbon emission efficiency is on the rise,but the overall level of efficiency is not high,and there is a large room for improvement.The carbon emission efficiency of resource-based provinces such as Shanxi,Heilongjiang,Jilin and Hebei has a U-shaped spatial pattern of“high at both ends and low in the middle”.There is a significant positive correlation between the development level of digital inclusive finance and carbon emission efficiency in China.Digital financial inclusion can significantly improve carbon emission efficiency,and this conclusion still holds after replacing the core explanatory variables and transforming the model.Heterogeneity test shows that digital inclusive finance plays a more prominent role in improving carbon emission efficiency in resource-based provinces in central China.During the period of strategic de velopment in digital inclusive finance,its role in enhancing carbon emission efficiency has become increasingly prominent.Therefore,local governments should strengthen the construction of information infrastructure,promote the integration of digitalization into the whole process of inclusive finance development,and give full play to the promoting effect of digital inclusive finance on carbon emission efficiency.