生态产品开发技术清单构建与实现方式研究——基于多尺度空间视角

Research on the Construction and Implementation of Ecological Product Development Technology:Reflection on Multidimensional Spatial Scales

生态产品开发是生态产品价值实现的前提和基础。本文总结物质供给类、调节服务类、文化服务类生态产品供需特点以及生态产品开发和价值实现的主要模式,提出生态产品开发技术方法清单和价值实现方式。研究结果显示:(1)生态产品价值开发主要有政府为主、市场为辅和市场为主、政府为辅两种路径,形成了9种典型开发模式。(2)生态产品开发技术清单包括生态保护、调查监测、产品规划、机制建设、产品生产、价值核算、营销推广、绿色金融、产业融合、利益联结10方面32项工具。(3)行政区生态产品开发强调发挥各层级政府建章立制作用、充分利用市场机制实现高品质开发,生态区生态产品开发强调保持生态系统稳定性基础上的高溢价可持续开发,经济区生态产品开发强调有效发挥庞大消费市场作用并形成需求牵引供给、供给创造需求的动态开发平衡。基于上述分析,提出了推动多尺度空间生态产品价值实现的对策建议。

Ecological product development is the prerequisite and foundation for realizing the value of ecological products.Based on the comprehensive consideration of the characteristics of supply and demand of three types of ecological products-material supply,regulatory services,and cultural services,this study summarizes the main models for the development and value realization of the three types of ecological products and proposes a list of three types of ecological product development technology methods and value realization approaches.The research results show:(1)The development of ecological product value mainly follows two paths:government-led with market support,and market-led with government support.Nine typical models have been formed for the development of material supply,regulatory services,and cultural services ecological products.(2)Ecological product development technologies include ecological protection,investigation and monitoring,product planning,mechanism construction,product production,value accounting,marketing promotion,green finance,industrial integration,and interest linkage,totaling 34 tools across 10 aspects.(3)The development of ecological products in administrative regions emphasizes utilizing market mechanisms to achieve high-quality development based on the role of all levels of government in establishing regulations.The development of ecological products in ecological areas emphasizes sustainable development with high premiums while maintaining ecosystem stability.The development of ecological products in economic zones emphasizes effectively utilizing the role of large consumer markets to balance dynamic development that involves demand driving supply and supply creating demand.Based on the above analysis,this article presents policy recommendations to promote the realization of ecological product value in multi-scale spatial settings.