单边经济制裁引发国际投资争端的路径挑战及中国应对

Paths and Challenges of International Investment Disputes Arising from Unilateral Economic Sanctions and China's Response

近年来,日益扩张的单边经济制裁成为影响国际投资活动的重要因素,不同类型的制裁措施可能损害投资者的多项权益,违反国际投资协定中的实体待遇条款并引发国际投资争端。传统国际投资仲裁在解决由单边经济制裁引发的争端时面临新的挑战与障碍,导致争端难以通过仲裁得到高效合理解决。作为全球对外投资大国,中国应在国家和投资者两个层面加强对单边经济制裁引发投资争端的预防和应对工作:在国家层面,可在国际投资协定中针对单边经济制裁制定约束条款,从而有效降低制裁对投资的不利影响并推动争端得到合理解决;在投资者层面,应构建面向单边经济制裁的风险防范体系,并积极利用东道国行政申诉、司法诉讼等救济机制,以维护投资者合法权益。

Increasing unilateral economic sanctions have become an important factor affecting international investment activities in recent years,and the various types of sanctions may jeopardize a number of investor rights and interests,violate the entity treatment provisions in international investment agreements,and trigger international investment disputes.Traditional international investment arbitration will face new challenges and obstacles in resolving disputes triggered by unilateral economic sanctions,making it difficult to resolve such disputes through arbitration in an efficient and rational manner.As a major global outbound investment player,China should take proactive measures to prevent and handle investment disputes triggered by unilateral economic sanctions at both the State and investor levels.At the State level,China can formulate restrictive clauses regarding unilateral economic sanctions in international investment agreements to effectively minimize the adverse impact of such sanctions on investment and promote the rational settlement of disputes;at the investor level,investor should set up a risk prevention system regarding unilateral economic sanctions and actively utilize the host country's administrative complaints,judicial litigation and other remedial mechanisms to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.