李鸿章与丁戊奇荒期间台湾板桥林氏捐款分配——以海峡两岸所见档案、信札为中心的考察

Li Hongzhang and Distribution of Donations from the Lin Family in Banqiao of Taiwan,China during the Ding-Wu Disaster:An Investigation Centered on the Archives and Letters from both Sides of the Taiwan Strait

清光绪三年,台湾板桥林氏家族认捐洋银50万元用于在台湾地区修建铁路、开办矿务。因适逢“丁戊奇荒”,河南、山西两省都想借用该款用于赈灾,在分配问题上产生矛盾,福建巡抚丁日昌与户部邀请直隶总督李鸿章主持分配,最终将大部分款项借给了河南。李鸿章在分配捐款时考虑到公私两方面的因素:公因在于借用捐款系由河南动议,且山西从中央及各省获得的援助远多于河南,又恐山西欠债太多,将来难以还款。私因在于李鸿章欲借捐款分配为丁日昌与自己积攒声誉人脉、笼络同僚,以为其洋务、海防等事业铺路。本文根据海峡两岸档案馆、图书馆所藏奏折、上谕、信札等史料,梳理了此事件的前因后果,并对捐款争借中体现出的人情与国事的互动纠葛加以分析。

In 1877,the Lin family in Banqiao of Taiwan pledged to donate 500 thousand yuan to build railways and start mining affairs in Taiwan region.At that time,a once-in-a-century severe famine broke out in the North China region.During the nationwide financial crisis,it was extremely difficult for Shanxi and Henan provinces to raise relief funds,and they both wanted to borrow donation money from the Lin family.However,during the negotiation,there was a conflict between the two provinces regarding how to allocate the donations.Fujian Governor Ding Richang and the Board of Revenue and Population of the Qing government entrusted Li Hongzhang,the Governor of Zhili,to be responsible for distributing donations.In the end,most of the Lin family's donations were lent to Henan,while Shanxi only received a small portion.Li's decision was based on both public and private factors:From the public perspective,Henan was the first to make the request.Shanxi already received far more support from the central government and other provinces and had a higher risk of debt default.From Li's own preference,he wanted a closer relationship with Ding Richang to pave the way for his foreign affairs,sea defense and other causes.Based on historical materials such as memorials,imperial edicts,and letters collected by archives and libraries across the Taiwan,China Strait,this paper basically comprehends the causes and consequences of this event.The competition for borrowing donations reflects the interaction and entanglement between personal favors and relationships and nationalinterests.