新型基础设施、数实融合与实体经济发展——来自国家“智慧城市”试点的证据

New Infrastructure,Integration of Data and Reality,and Development of the Real Economy——Evidence From the National“Smart City”Pilot Project

在以实体经济为发展着力点的背景下,本文将国家“智慧城市”试点作为我国新型基础设施建设的准自然实验,基于2005~2022年我国城市面板数据,采用多期双重差分法检验“智慧城市”对实体经济的影响。研究表明,基于“智慧城市”的新型基础设施建设能够显著促进实体经济发展,该结论在考虑平行趋势等假设条件和其他一系列可能干扰估计结果的因素后依然稳健成立。机制分析表明,新型基础设施建设通过推动数字经济与实体经济融合促进实体经济发展。异质性分析表明,在中西部地区、北方地区以及中小规模城市,新型基础设施建设的积极影响更为明显。

Against the background of focusing on the development of the real economy,the national“smart city”pilot project is taken as a quasi natural experiment for Chinas new infrastructure construction.Based on panel data of Chinese cities from 2005 to 2022,the impact of“smart cities”on the real economy is tested using a multi period double difference method.Research shows that the construction of new infrastructure based on“smart cities”can significantly promote the development of the real economy.This conclusion is still robust after considering assumptions such as parallel trends and a series of other factors that may interfere with the estimation results.Mechanism analysis shows that the construction of new infrastructure promotes the development of the real economy by promoting the integration of the digital economy and the real economy.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive impact of new infrastructure construction is more pronounced in the central and western regions,northern regions,and small and medium-sized cities.