我国创新人才培养政策的“工具-目标”适配性分析--基于2010年以来的15份政策文本

An Analysis of“Tool-Goal”Alignment in China’s Innovative Talent Cultivation Policies:Based on 15 Policy Documents Issued Since 2010

为探析国家层面创新人才培养政策的工具选择及其与目标的适配性,选取我国自2010年以来颁布的15份关于创新人才培养的政策文本,基于政策工具理论构建“工具-目标”适配性分析框架,发现在创新人才培养政策工具选择上,政府偏向使用能力建设工具,旨在通过提升高校能力和人才自身能力,为创新发展打好人才基础;在政策目标维度上更重视人才培养目标的实现,且与其他政策目标的重视程度差异明显。目前的政策文本存在能力建设工具使用过溢的风险及对人才引进政策目标不够重视的问题;在“工具-目标”适配性方面,存在结构和功能方面的问题。我国创新人才培养政策应从政策工具的综合运用、政策目标管理过程的完善和促进“工具-目标”的适配均衡三个角度进行优化。

To explore the selection of policy tools for cultivating innovative talents at the national level and their alignment with policy goals,this study selects 15 policy documents issued by China since 2010 on the cultivation of innovative talents.Based on policy tool theory,a“tool-goal”alignment analysis framework is constructed.The findings reveal that in the selection of policy tools for cultivating innovative talents,the government tends to favor capacity-building tools,aiming to enhance the capabilities of higher education institutions and individual talents,thereby laying a talent foundation for innovation-driven development.In terms of policy goals,more emphasis is placed on achieving talent cultivation objectives,with a significant disparity compared to the emphasis placed on other policy goals.The current policy documents show a risk of over-reliance on capacity-building tools and insufficient attention to talent attraction goals.Regarding the“tool-goal”alignment,there are structural and functional issues.China’s innovative talent cultivation policies should be optimized from three perspectives:the comprehensive use of policy tools,the improvement of the policy goal management process,and promoting a balanced alignment between tools and goals.