圈养小熊猫疾病研究现状及展望

Research Progress and Prospect on Diseases of Captive Red Pandas

由于受栖息地丧失和人类活动干扰等的影响,小熊猫Ailurus fulgens野生种群数量锐减。人工圈养对小熊猫遗传多样性的保护发挥了重要作用,同时也促进了对小熊猫疾病的研究。小熊猫疾病是威胁圈养种群健康和发展的重要因素之一,基于此,本文总结了病毒(犬瘟热病毒、细小病毒等)、细菌(大肠杆菌Escherichia coli、肺炎克雷伯菌Klebsiella pneumoniae等)、寄生虫(线虫、弓形虫等)和非感染性因素造成的圈养小熊猫疾病及相关研究进展,分析了疾病对圈养小熊猫种群的危害。旨在引起圈养单位对疾病研究的重视,为种群饲养管理和疾病防控提供参考,也为进一步开展圈养小熊猫的疾病相关研究提供借鉴。

Due to habitat loss and human activities,the wild red panda(Ailurus fulgens)population has declined sharply.Captive breeding plays an important role in protecting the genetic diversity and promoting the disease research of red panda.Disease is currently one of the important factors that threaten the health and development of red panda popula-tion in captivity.Therefore,this article summarizes recent research progress on infectious diseases caused by viruses(such as canine distemper and parvovirus),bacteria(such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae),and parasites(such as nematodes and Toxoplasma gondii),and non-infectious diseases in captive red pandas.The impact of these diseases on the development of red panda population is analyzed to provide valuable insights for captive red panda management,dis-ease control and prevention.