人体损伤残疾评定域外标准概要与启示

Foreign Standards and Implications for Physical Disability Assessment

我国法庭科学/司法鉴定标准化体系正处于全面建设阶段,作为人身损害赔偿重要依据之一的残疾评定标准应根据医学、法医学的进步不断加以完善,是公正处置此类案件的必要前提。当前应通过专业领域的跨学科合作,例如医学、心理学、社会学等,更好地理解和把握残疾的多层次性质,并在此基础上提高我国残疾标准的制修订能力,健全标准体系,使之更具科学性、客观性和可操作性。同时,需重视国际经验的借鉴,提高我国残疾评定标准的国际化水平及国际交流。通过分析北美地区、欧洲地区、亚洲地区及大洋洲地区国家的残疾评定标准,从适用范围、标准体系之特点、架构和理念等展开讨论,为我国人体损伤残疾评定标准的研制和应用提供国际化视野和新的思路。

The standardization of forensic science in China is currently undergoing comprehensive development.One of the crucial bases for compensation in personal injury cases and a key step towards achieving a path of fairness and justice is the standardization of disability standards,which should be continuously improved in line with advances in medicine and forensic science.The current focus on refining China's disability standards emphasizes their scientific,objective,and operational aspects.Collaborations across disciplines such as medicine,psychology,and sociology contribute to a better understanding and assessment of the multifaceted nature of disabilities.Simultaneously,it is essential to place emphasis on drawing insights from international experiences to enhance the internationalization and global exchange of domestic disability assessment standards.This review analyzes disability assessment standards in North America,Europe,Asia,and Oceania,exploring aspects such as applicability,characteristics,framework,and underlying principles,aiming to provide an international perspective for the development and future application of China's standards for disabilities resulting from personal injuries,offering novel insights for domestic standard enhancements.