耳迷走神经刺激对运动员赛前焦虑状态影响的研究

Study on the effect of auricular vagus nerve stimulation on pre-competition anxiety state of athletes

目的观察耳迷走神经刺激对赛前焦虑运动员心理状态与运动成绩的影响。方法2022年3月至2023年1月在成都体育学院达到二级跳远运动员标准的运动员55例,随机数字法分为治疗组29例和对照组26例,分别接受耳迷走神经刺激治疗和非迷走神经刺激治疗,比较两组治疗前后汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)得分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)得分、赛时最差、平均和最差优跳远成绩。结果耳迷走神经刺激治疗后,治疗组有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组HAMA与SAS均较治疗前降低,且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05),治疗组运动员比赛中的最低成绩与平均成绩均较治疗前提升,且治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05),两组最高成绩比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论耳迷走神经刺激能显著改善赛前焦虑跳远运动员的心理状态,改善其比赛中的竞技状态。

Objective To observing the effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation(taVNS)on the pre-competition anxiety state and sport performance of athletes.Methods Fifty-five long jumpers who reached the criterion of Grade-2 athletes from Chengdu Sport University were selected.They were divided into a treatment group(n=29)and a control group(n=26)by using random number table method.The treatment group underwent taVNS treatment and the control group underwent sham-taVNS treatment.Then the score of Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA)and Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)were used to measure the anxiety level of the two groups before and after treatment.The worst,average and the most excellent results of long jump during competition were compared between the two groups.Results After taVNS treatment,the effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The HAMA and SAS in both groups were lower than before treatment,and the treatment group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).The lowest and average scores of the treatment group was higher than before treatment,and the treatment group was better than the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference of the most excellent long jump results between the two groups.Conclusions taVNS could significantly improve the pre-competition anxiety state of long jumpers who have pre-competition anxiety.Therefore,it can further improve their competitive state.