共识决策和政策试验视角下中国特色政策决策研究:一个文献综述

A Study on Policy Making with Chinese Characteristics from the Perspective of Consensus Decision-Making and Policy Experimentation:A Literature Review

共识决策与政策试验是中国特色政策决策研究的两种重要研究视角。共识决策视角认为中国政策决策是不断协商直至达成共识的过程,实现了科学化与民主化的有机结合,并就共识决策的程序、共识决策如何形成等进行了深入研究。政策试验视角侧重从央地关系解析中国政策决策过程,注重政策试验的发生条件、运行过程和运作机制研究。最后,本文结合上述两种研究视角,认为未来可加强党、理念过程与政策属性三个变量对政策决策影响的研究。

This study proposes that theories of policy-making with Chinese characteristics can be classified into two broader families:consensus decision-making and policy experimentation.The Chinese model consensus decision-making is a process of continuous negotiation until consensus is reached.It achieves an organic combination of science and democratization in policy-making.In addition,earlier studies have analyzed the procedures of consensus decision-making and how consensus decision-making is formed in Chinese contexts.Policy experimentation theories concentrate on the central-local relations in Chinese policy-making,including the studies of the conditions,operational process,and the mechanisms of the policy experimentation.Ultimately,this paper suggests future directions,including the study of the impact of the Party,ideological process and policy attributes on Chinese policy-making.