石黑一雄《克拉拉与太阳》中的双重叙事进程

Dual narrative progression in Kazuo Ishiguro's Klara and the Sun

《克拉拉与太阳》是石黑一雄关于未来社会人机关系的构想故事。近年来学界对《克拉拉与太阳》的研究主要聚焦于人工智能、生命伦理、技术理性等方面。从叙事学视角出发,可以发现石黑一雄在该小说中对叙事方式展开的探索与拓展,即在小说中设置了易被忽略的双重叙事进程,并安插了两组隐含作者与目标读者的并行运作,使得该小说呈现出既是温情的儿童科幻,又是残酷的技术预言的特质。本文试从人机关系出发,解读《克拉拉与太阳》的双重叙事进程,揭示小说“人机并行”中童话与现实的双重叙事动力,分析“人机交锋”创伤走向下双重叙事进程在话语表达层面的异轨现象,探幽“人机倒置”的主体可靠性在双重叙事进程中的动态互动及其审美效果。

Klara and the Sun by Kazuo Ishiguro is a fantasy about human-machine relationships in the future society.Recent studies on Klara and the Sun have focused primarily on issues such as artificial intelligence,bioethics,and technological ra-tionality,etc.From a narratological perspective,it becomes evident that Ishiguro explores and expands the narrative tech-niques by elaborating a dual narrative movement in the novel that tends to be ignored by critics.Under the parallel operation of the two implied-author-and-target-reader pairs,the novel is both a warm children's science fiction and a cruel technological prophecy.This paper attempts to interpret the dual narrative progression in the novel from the perspective of human-machine relationship.It gradually reveals the dual narrative dynamics of fairy tale and reality in the novel's"human-machine parallel-ism",analyses the divergence in discourse expression within the dual progression under the"human-machine confrontation'and its trajectory of trauma,and explores the dynamic interaction of the subject's reliability in the"human-machine inver-sion"and its aesthetic effect within such progression.