干部“积极避责”下的基层回应性治理

Responsive Governance at the Grassroots Level Under the Proactive Avoidance of Responsibility by Cadres

中西方官员避责行为研究分别遵循责任政治与风险政治研究路径。在责任政治分析路径下,从乡镇治理的微观实践场域出发,可以发现基层干部避责行为的产生主要受多目标任务、硬指标考核、全方位监督和群众监督软约束的结构压力影响,呈现“自保”逻辑下的积极避责,具体包括上下平衡、内外均衡与轻重权衡等策略。乡镇干部“积极避责”造成基层陷入应付式、事本化、调控型与规范性等回应性治理陷阱,需要通过完善基层权责分配体制、完善激励与监督考核机制以及通过心理辅导强化正向反馈等,真正激发干部的治理积极性与主动性,推动基层治理体系与治理能力的现代化建设。

The study of responsibility-avoidance behavior among officials in China and the West follows the research paths of responsibility politics and risk politics respectively.Under the analytical path of responsibility politics,starting from the micro-practice field of township governance,it can be observed that the emergence of responsibility-avoidance behavior among grassroots cadres is mainly influenced by structural pressures such as multiple target tasks,rigid indicator assessments,comprehensive supervision,and the soft constraints of public oversight.This behavior manifests as active responsibility avoidance under the logic of self-protection,including strategies such as balancing upwards and downwards,inside and outside,and prioritizing the important over the trivial.The proactive avoidance of responsibility by grassroots-level cadres leads to grassroots governance falling into traps of perfunctory,task-oriented,control-based,and normative responsive governance.It is necessary to truly stimulate the enthusiasm and initiative of cadres for governance by improving the system of power and responsibility distribution at the grassroots level,refining the incentive and supervision assessment mechanisms,and strengthening positive feedback through psychological guidance.This will promote the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capabilities.