基于危险源影响的异构人群疏散模型

Heterogeneous crowd evacuation model based on influence of hazard sources

为研究危险情况下人群疏散的特点,结合社会力模型,考虑个体差异的前提下,提出1种基于异构的情绪感染模型的人群疏散仿真方法,根据个体的性格、性别、文化程度的特征将个体差异化,并且利用上述特征差异化计算不同的个体在危险情况下的恐慌程度,进而改进社会力模型中行人力的计算。研究结果表明:个体人数较少时,危险源会缩短疏散时间;危险源的不同位置对个体疏散时间也有一定的影响,处在密闭空间中心附近的危险源会增加个体疏散时间,其他位置的危险源会减少个体疏散时间;面对紧张情况,男性和较高文化程度的个体会更加从容地面对紧张情况。研究结果可为危险情况下行人疏散提供指导作用。

In order to study the characteristics of crowd evacuation in dangerous situation,combined with the social force model and considering individual differences,a simulation method of crowd evacuation based on the heterogeneous emotional infection model was proposed.The individuals were differentiated according to the characteristics of individual personality,gender and education level,then the above characteristics were used to calculate the level of panic of different individuals in dangerous situation,and the calculation of human power in the social force model was improved.The results show that when the number of individuals is small,the hazard source will shorten the evacuation time.Different locations of hazard sources also have certain influence on the individual evacuation time.The hazard sources near the center of confined space will increase the individual evacuation time,while the hazard sources at other locations will reduce the individual evacuation time.In the face of stressful situation,the men and individuals with higher education levels tend to cope with stressful situation more calmly.The research results can provide guidance for pedestrian evacuation in dangerous situation.