中韩大学体育文化比较研究

A Comparative Study of University Sports Culture in China and South Korea

大学体育文化作为一种亚文化,能够丰富体育文化内涵与外延,培育青年体育核心素养,对体育文化的传承意义重大。本文采用文献分析法、逻辑分析法、比较研究法,从体育历史与制度、体育教学模式与组织架构、体育教育目标与理念、运动项目与竞技水平4个方面对中韩大学体育文化进行比较分析。研究认为:(1)中韩大学体育文化因高等教育的历史流变而各具特色,中国大学体育文化虽受西方模式影响,但具有鲜明的“内生性”特征,其主要资金来源是国家财政预算;韩国大学体育文化的现代化与国际化程度高(私立占绝对话语权),其主要资金来源于韩国财阀。(2)政治属性与文化背景的双重叠加,造成了中韩大学体育文化在价值观念、组织架构、竞技水平等方面的显著差异。(3)中国大学体育文化崇尚道德教育,更强调体育教育的普及和集体主义价值,以人化的体育价值促进学生全面发展;而韩国大学体育文化侧重于专业体育人才培养,追求竞技水平与国际竞争力。建议:未来中国大学体育文化可立足本土,借鉴韩国大学运动员职业化、体育赛事等方面的先进经验,助力我国大学体育文化在新时期、新阶段下的高质量发展。

University sports culture,as a subculture,can enrich the connotation and extension of sports culture,cultivate the core qualities of youth sports,and hold significant importance for the inheritance of sports culture.This study employs literature research method,logical analysis,and comparative analysis to compare and analyze university sports culture in China and South Korea from four aspects:sports history and systems,sports teaching models and organizational structures,sports education goals and philosophies,and sports events and competitive levels.The research finds that:(1)University sports culture in China and South Korea has distinct characteristics due to the historical evolution of higher education.While Chinese university sports culture is influenced by Western models,it exhibits a distinct"endogenous"feature,with its main source of funding being the national fiscal budget.On the other hand,the modernization and internationalization of South Korean university sports culture are pronounced(with private universities holding absolute discourse power),and its primary source of funding comes from South Korean chaebols.(2)The dual overlay of political attributes and cultural backgrounds has led to significant differences in values,organizational structures,and competitive levels in university sports culture in China and South Korea.(3)Chinese university sports culture advocates moral education,emphasizing the popularization of sports education and the values of collectivism,promoting students'all-round development through humanized sports values.On the other hand,South Korean university sports culture focuses on the training of professional sports talents,pursuing competitive levels and international competitiveness.In the future,Chinese university sports culture can take root domestically and draw on advanced experiences from South Korea in areas such as the professionalization of university athletes and sports events.This can contribute to the high-quality development of sports culture in Chinese universities in the new era and new stage.