社区医院全科医生人工智能素养的制约因素及路径调适

Constraints and Path Adjustment of General Practitioners'AI Literacy in Community Hospitals

目的:研究社区医院全科医生人工智能素养的关键制约因素并给出提升路径建议,为我国社区医院全科医生的人工智能素养提升提供参考。方法:对北京、上海等9个城市的93位全科医生进行半结构化访谈,采用扎根理论探究制约因素;采用DEMATEL-ISM耦合方法构建制约因素多层递接结构模型,阐释多制约因素间复杂的作用机理,识别关键制约因素。结果:提取到影响社区医院全科医生人工智能素养的人工智能诊疗偏好、人工智能伦理规范等26个副范畴,主体效能、客体效能、组织效能、技术因素、经济因素、政策因素6个主范畴。人工智能的普及性的中心度为6.88,在26个制约因素中重要程度最高,人工智能诊疗的准确性是制约因素解释结构模型中最深层次的因素,是社区医院全科医生人工智能素养发展的根本动力。结论:社区医院全科医生人工智能素养受到技术、经济、政策、主体、客体和组织多方面的影响,要发挥技术和政策要素的根本动力作用,重视组织效能和经济效益的系统连锁反应,支持引导医生进行人工智能技能学习,从而实质性提升社区医院全科医生人工智能素养。

Objective To study the key constraints of the artificial intelligence literacy of general practitioners in community hospitals,provide suggestions for path improvement,and provide reference for the improvement of artificial intelligence literacy of general practitioners in community hospitals in China.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted on 93 general practitioners in 9 cities including Beijing and Shanghai.Grounded theory was used to explore the constraining factors.And the DEMATEL-ISM coupled method was used to construct a multi-level cascading structure model of constraining factors,to explain the complex mechanism of the interaction of multiple constraining factors and identify the key constraining factors.Results 26 subcategories influencing the artificial intelligence literacy of general practitioners in community hospitals,including artificial intelligence diagnostic and treatment preferences,artificial intelligence ethical norms,and 6 main categories including subject efficacy,object efficacy,organizational efficacy,technical factors,economic factors and policy factors were extracted.The centrality of the popularity of artificial intelligence was 6.88,which had the highest importance among the 26 constraining factors.The accuracy of artificial intelligence diagnosis and treatment is the deepest factor in explaining the structure model of constraining factors,which is the fundamental driving force for the development of artificial intelligence literacy of general practitioners in community hospitals.Conclusion The artificial intelligence literacy of general practitioners in community hospitals is influenced by various factors such as technology,economy,policy,subject,object,and organization.It is important to play the fundamental driving role of technological and policy elements,pay attention to the systemic chain reaction of organizational efficacy and economic benefits,support and guide doctors in learning artificial intelligence skills,thus substantially improve the artificial intelligence literacy of general practitioners in community hospitals.