基于濒危老缅语语料库的腭化现象应用研究

An Application Study of Palatalization Based on an Endangered Laomian Language Corpus

濒危老缅语多媒体语料库建立的目的是系统地保存这一使用人数极少、没有文字记录的濒危语言,留存其语言及文化,并能进行后续学习与研究。基于自建的多媒体语料库进行腭化音变现象的应用研究,可为其他濒危民族语言多媒体语料库应用研究提供范例。腭化现象是老缅语中常见的音系现象。该研究基于自建的老缅语语料库,提取语料数据,通过对老缅语与彝语支内部亲缘语言的演化对应,对老缅语腭化音变现象进行了音系学解释和分析。研究结果显示,老缅语双唇音与亲缘语言一致,未发生塞擦化,只存在“双唇塞音+滑音”这一较为简单的腭化形式。根据[i]在韵母中的不同位置,一部分舌根音演化为舌面前音,一部分演化为“舌根音+腭介音”的形式。舌尖前音在[-back]元音前演化为舌面前音。老缅语中少数词的两读,说明演化的阶段性。

The purpose of establishing the multimedia corpus of endangered Laomian language is to systematically preserve this endangered language with very few users and no written record,and to retain its language and culture,and can carry out follow-up study and research.The application study of palatalization pronunciation change phenomenon based on the self-built multimedia corpus can provide an example for the application study of multimedia corpus of other endangered ethnic languages.Palatalization is a common phonological phenomenon in the Laomian language.Based on the self-built corpus,this study explains and analyzes the evolution of the Laomian language and the Yi language branch.The results show that the labial sounds in Laomo are consistent with those in related languages,without affricativization,existing only in the relatively simple palatalized form of"labial stop+glide".Depending on the position of[i]in the rime,some dorsal consonants evolved into palatal consonants,while others evolved into the form of"dorsal consonant+palatal glide".Apical consonants evolved into palatal consonants before[-back]vowels.The existence of a few words with two readings in Laomo indicates the gradual nature of the evolution.