牺牲阳极保护技术在华龙一号的应用分析

Application Analysis of Sacrificial Anode Protection Technology in HPR1000

我国是一个海洋资源十分丰富的国家,随着经济的发展和技术水平的提高,海工构筑物的建设量也越来越多。海水是一种腐蚀性很强的天然电解质,海工构筑物在海水中长期浸泡会有很大的腐蚀破坏风险。目前海工构筑物的腐蚀问题仍然较为严重,特别是安全级别高的核电厂,在海水环境下服役的砼结构常存在钢筋锈蚀、开裂、脱离、粉化、空鼓等情况,需要采取有效的防护措施,保证构筑物的耐久性。针对海洋腐蚀问题,目前主要采取防腐涂料、表面处理、电化学保护(主要为外加电流和牺牲阳极)、添加阻锈剂、硅烷浸渍剂、材料改性等防护措施,其中防腐涂料应用最为广泛,电化学保护由于其技术要求较高,目前应用较少,但电化学保护也是非常有效果的。相对于传统的修复保护手段,海工构筑物牺牲阳极保护适用于各种类型的钢筋混凝土结构,具有保护效果好、寿命长、维护简单等优点。本文旨在研究探讨钢筋混凝土牺牲阳极保护的相关问题,包括其原理、类型、设计、对结构影响等,以期为华龙一号等相关领域的研究和后期应用提供参考。

China is a country rich in marine resources,and with the development of economy and the improvement of technical level,the construction of offshore structures is also increasing.Seawater is a highly corrosive natural electrolyte,and long-term immersion of offshore structures in seawater will have a great risk of corrosion damage.At present,the corrosion problem of offshore structures is still relatively serious,especially in nuclear power plants with high safety level,and concrete structures serving in seawater environment often have steel corrosion,cracking,disengagement,pulverization,empty drums,etc.,and effective protective measures need to be taken to ensure the durability of the structure.In view of the problem of marine corrosion,the current main anti-corrosion coating,surface treatment,electrochemical protection(mainly applied current and sacrificial anode),adding rust inhibitor,silane impregnating agent,material modification and other protective measures,of which anti-corrosion coating is the most widely used,electrochemical protection due to its high technical requirements,the current application is less,but electrochemical protection is also very effective.Compared with the traditional repair and protection methods,the sacrificial anode protection of offshore structures is suitable for various types of reinforced concrete structures,and has the advantages of good protection effect,long life and simple maintenance.This paper aims to study and discuss the related issues of sacrificial anode protection of reinforced concrete,including its principle,type,design,and influence on structure,in order to provide reference for the research and later application of HPR1000 and other relatedfields.