船体结构优化技术研究进展

Research Progress of Hull Structure Optimization Technology

船舶在设计阶段进行结构优化,能在保证结构性能的同时,有针对性地获得轻量化、高强度、抗爆、减振等一系列优势,为船舶安全可靠、性能提升,乃至绿色环保、可持续发展等提供助力。结合近年最新研究成果,阐述结构优化技术在军船、民船典型构件上的应用情况,明确优化技术的适用场景,重点分析大型、复杂船体结构的优化方法。从经典优化方法、智能优化算法、基于代理模型的优化方法等3个方面阐述船舶结构优化技术的发展,总结各种优化算法的优点及不足,指出改进代理模型未来需解决的问题。研究成果可为船体结构的轻量化设计、力学性能研究提供参考。

Structural optimization of ships during the design phase ensures structural performance and offers a range of benefits,including lightweight construction,high strength,explosion resistance and vibration damping.These advantages contribute to enhancing ship safety,reliability,performance as well as promoting environmental sustainability.Drawing on recent research findings,this article elaborates on the application of structural optimization technology in typical components of both military and civilian ships.It clarifies the scenarios for applying optimization technology,and analyzes methods for optimizing large and complex hull structures.Specifically,it explores the development of ship structure optimization technology from three perspectives:classical optimization methods,intelligent optimization algorithms and surrogate model-based optimization methods.The strengths and weaknesses of various optimization algorithms are summarized while highlighting areas requiring future attention to enhance the agent model.This aims to provide valuable insights into the lightweight design and mechanical properties of hull structures.