组合药剂提升菱锌矿与白云石分选效果的机理研究

Mechanism Study of Improving Separation Effect of Smithsonite and Dolomite by Combined Reagents

易选硫化锌矿资源因大量开发而日趋枯竭,以菱锌矿为代表的氧化锌矿资源的高效开发利用愈发重要。菱锌矿与白云石同属碳酸盐类矿物,晶体结构相似,表面性质相近,浮选分离困难。通过浮选试验,系统研究了以油酸钠、十八胺、苯甲羟肟酸、水杨羟肟酸及其组合为捕收剂,四聚磷酸钠和氯化钙作为组合抑制剂条件下,菱锌矿与白云石的浮选特性。结果表明,单一捕收剂体系中,菱锌矿与白云石难以有效分选;水杨羟肟酸和油酸钠的捕收剂组合具有良好的协同效应,四聚磷酸钠与氯化钙的抑制剂组合具有较高的选择性,可实现菱锌矿与白云石的高效分选。采用晶体化学模拟计算、动电位分析、捕收剂吸附量分析等手段,对浮选结果与作用机理进行了阐释与验证。

The resources of easy-processed zinc sulfide ore are exhausted increasingly because of extensive exploitation,and the efficient development and utilization of oxidized ore resources such as smithsonite are becoming more and more important.Smithsonite and dolomite belong to the same carbonate minerals,crystal structure and surface properties are similar,flotation separation is difficult.The flotation characteristics of smithsonite and dolomite with sodium oleate,octadecylamine,benzohydroxamic acid,salicylhydroxamic acid and their combination as collectors,sodium tetrapolyphosphate and calcium chloride as combined depressants were studied systematically by flotation test.The results showed that it is difficult to separate smithsonite and dolomite effectively in a single-collector system;The combined collectors of salicylhydroxamic acid and sodium oleate has a good synergistic effect,and the combined depressants of sodium tetrapolyphosphate and calcium chloride has a high selectivity,which can realize the efficient separation of smithsonite and dolomite.The flotation results and mechanism were explained and verified by means of crystal chemical simulation calculation,kinetic potential measurements and collector adsorption test.