日本高校教师专业发展:新目标与新路径

New Goals and New Paths of Professional Development for Teachers in Japanese Colleges and Universities

随着“令和日本型学校教育”于2021年的提出,日本高校重新确立教师质量目标,培养教师适应社会5.0时代的专业素养,强调教师主动和协作学习,从注重教学、科研和管理能力转向多元化发展。然而,日本高校教师发展在科技革新浪潮下的技能适应、多重社会期待下的职责压力、复杂发展环境中的自我意识,以及学生群体日益多样化等方面面临挑战。为应对这些挑战,日本高校通过拓宽教师发展模式、构建新式在职培训体系和完善现有的职前教师教育机制等路径促进教师发展,具体包括开发新型教师培训模式、探索学生参与的融合式教师发展路径、促进教育框架转型、重视“实务型教师”培养、建立“教师教育旗舰大学”和完善职前教师教育机制等举措。这些举措旨在推动日本高校教师持续适应并引领教育变革的新趋势,提升高等教育质量。

With the proposal of the Reiwa Japanese-style school education in 2021,Japanese universities and colleges have redefined their goals for faculty quality,developed faculty professionalism for the 5.0 era of society,emphasized active and collaborative learning,and shifted from focusing on teaching,scientific research and management capabilities to diversified development.However,teachers in Japanese universities are faced with the challenges of adapting skills under the wave of technological innovation,the pressures of responsibility under multiple societal expectations,self-awareness in a complex developmental environment,and the increasingly diverse student body.In order to meet these challenges,Japanese universities have promoted teacher development by broadening teacher development models,constructing new in-service training systems,and improving the existing pre-service education mechanisms.Specifically,these initiatives include developing new teacher training models,exploring integrated teacher development pathways with student participation,promoting the transformation of educational frameworks,emphazing on the development of“practical teachers”,the establishment of“flagship universities for teacher education”,and the improvement of pre-service education mechanisms.These efforts aim to promote the continued adaptation and leadership of Japanese university teachers to new trends in educational change and to improve the quality of higher education.