碳达峰背景下中国物流业碳排放效率时空演化

Spatiotemporal Evolution of Carbon Emission Efficiency in China's Logistics Industry in Context of Carbon Peaking

为了深入分析中国各地区在物流业碳排放效率方面的表现及其空间关联性,采用非期望产出的超效率SBM模型,并结合莫兰指数与空间杜宾模型,选取中国30个省份,对其2015-2020年的物流业碳排放效率进行了计算,分析了不同地区物流业碳排放效率之间的相似性或差异性,并揭示其在空间上的联系及背后的影响因素。研究结果显示,30个省份的物流业碳排放效率在空间上存在显著相关性,呈现出一定的空间集聚特征。具体表现为东部地区的物流业碳排放效率高于西部地区,南部地区高于北部地区,而中部地区则优于其他地区,这种空间分布特征可能与各地区的从业人数、经济水平、基础设施建设、能源消费结构等因素有关。虽然近年来我国物流业碳排放效率总体呈现上升趋势,但在推进碳达峰的过程中,各地区仍面临着诸多挑战和困难。最后提出了一系列建议和意见,以进一步提高物流业碳排放效率,实现碳达峰目标。

The proposal of the carbon peaking goal marks a solid step in China's attempt at tackling global climate change and promoting sustainable development.To achieve this goal,the logistics industry,as one of the main sources of energy consumption and carbon emissions in China,must abandon the extensive development mode in the past,and adopt a greener and more efficient development path to improve the carbon efficiency and competitiveness of the logistics industry as a whole.To further analyze the performance and spatial correlation of the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in different regions of China,we adopted the super-efficiency SBM model based on non-expected output to calculate the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in 30 provinces/cities of China from 2015 to 2020,and more accurately evaluated the carbon emission performance and carbon peaking progress of the logistics industry in each region.In addition,we used the Moran Index and spatial Durbin model to deeply explore the spatial correlation among the provinces/cities in terms of logistics carbon emission efficiency.Therein,the Moran index revealed the similarities or differences of the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry across the regions,and the spatial Durbin model further analyzed the factors behind the spatial correlation,providing powerful support for understanding the spatial distribution of carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in China.The research results show that the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in 30 provinces/cities of China displays significant spatial correlation,showing certain spatial conglomeration pattern.Specifically,the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in the eastern region is higher than that in the western region,the southern region higher than the northern region,and the central region performs the best in this respect.This spatial distribution may be related to the number of employees,economic level,infrastructure construction,and energy consumption structure in each region.On the temporal dimension,in recent years,the carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry in each region of China has generally shown an upward trend,but there is still large gap to cover to reach the ideal level,indicating that each region still faces lots of challenges and difficulties in the process of promoting carbon peaking.Finally,we put forward a series of suggestions and recommendations to further improve carbon emission efficiency of the logistics industry and achieve the goal of carbon peaking.