ChatGPT学科教学知识与教育应用研究

ChatGPT Pedagogical Content Knowledge Test and Teaching Application Discussion

在教育领域,以ChatGPT为代表的人工智能技术使各个学段面临深度变革,ChatGPT能够走向实际运用,应该有符合教育理念的基本学科教学知识。探索ChatGPT学科教学知识与教育应用融合的可能,应该坚持科学性、真实性、适用性的原则,运用参照人类、避免干预、基于真实、假定角色、实践应用的方法,采用实证研究方式对其进行基于真实教育情境的测评。以语文学科为基础的ChatGPT教育应用能丰富学科知识、教学知识、学生知识、辅导知识,相关教育教学应用得以推广成为可能。但在教育应用中会出现“错误纠正循环”“深层能力不足”“思考方式差异”“价值观念审核”等问题,当前尚无法在学习中取得主体地位,更适合作为导向深度学习的认知工具。教育者应该对ChatGPT持乐观而谨慎的态度,教育界更应该面向未来,对其在教育中的应用进行准确定位。在实践中开发与研究基于ChatGPT类人工智能、学科认知工具的教育应用,在教育教学中探索相关实践案例,以促进在个性化学习、深度学习等方面的变革。

Artificial intelligence technologies represented by ChatGPT are bringing profound changes to the field of education at all levels.In order for ChatGPT to be practically applied in the field of education,it should possess fundamental Pedagogical Content Knowledge(PCK)to guide education.Exploring the potential of ChatGPT’s subject teaching knowledge and educational applications should adhere to the principles of scientific rigor,authenticity,and applicability.Methods such as referencing human behavior,avoiding interference,being based on reality,assuming roles,and practical applications should be utilized,and empirical research should be conducted to evaluate ChatGPT based on real educational contexts.ChatGPT educational applications based on the Chinese language subject demonstrate rich subject knowledge,teaching knowledge,student knowledge,and tutoring knowledge,indicating its potential for educational application.However,issues such as“error correction loops”“insufficient deep-level abilities”“differences in thinking modes”and“review of values and beliefs”may arise in educational applications,making it currently unable to replace the human role in learning but rather more suitable as a cognitive tool to guide deep learning.Educators should adopt an optimistic yet cautious attitude towards ChatGPT,and the education sector should accurately position its application in education for the future.Exploring the development and application research of subject cognitive tools based on ChatGPT-like artificial intelligence in the practice of education,and exploring relevant case studies in education,can promote its transformation in various aspects such as personalized learning and deep learning.